Back inside, the Flow 3D Cast Advanced window was still open on his screen, a quiet testament to an argument well resolved. He sipped the last of his coffee, powered down the simulation, and for once let the foundry’s cathedral of heat be still.
| Crack Type | Formation Stage | Primary Driver | Flow-3D CAST Output | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | | 80-99% Solid Fraction | Tensile strain across dendrites + lack of feeding | Strain rate / Critical Strain Rate (CSR) | | Cold Crack | Below Solidus (elastic regime) | Residual thermal stress > UTS | Von Mises stress vs. Temperature-dependent UTS | i--- Flow 3d Cast Advanced Crack